Oil burner



Sept. 18, 1928. 1,684,991

B. K. l'NGLls i OIL BURNER Filed June 14, 41926 i @W w JMX/O L VL (LA Patented Sept. 18, 1928. l i

UNITED sTATEsf PATENT OFFICE.

struction and operation of hydrocarbon burn-l ers for furnaces, boilers or the like.

An object of the invention is to provide a new and useful hydrocarbon burner which is simple in construction and eiicient in operation.

Some of the more specic objects of the invention are as follows To provide a highly efficientv oil burner which may be manufactured, sold, and operated at relatively moderate cost.

To provide a burner for hydrocarbons, 1 n which dan er of explosions is entirely eliminated, andg/ which may be successfully mani ulated and operated by a novice.

o provide a burner operable with a forced air draft, in which continuous operat1on is assured even when the normal air supply fails to function.

To provide simple and eiiiclent means for increasing the economy o f oil burners or the like, by pre-heating the air delivered to such devices.

To provide an extremely simple and coinpact burner structure which may be readily assembled and dismantled.

To provide improved means for uickly and effectively starting and interruptlng the operation of oil burners or the hke.

To providevarious other 1m rovements 1n the details of construction an operation of .35 oil burners especially adapted for domestic service.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the present invention and of the mode ofinstalling and of operating 'devices constructed in 0 accordance therewith, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forining a part of this specification in which like re e rence characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section through l one form of the improved oil burner, showing the same applied to a fragment of a furnace.y

Fig. 2 is a part sectional front view of -a fragment of the burner illustrated in Fig. 1.

1) Fig. 3 is a central vertical section through a fragment of the improved burner, showing the motor controller in position to admit atmospheric air to the combustion chamber.

As specifically illustrated, theV improved 65 oil burner comprises in general a main inner BRUCE I. INGLIB, 0l' IILWUKE, WIBCONSIN,`ASSIGNOR v0l* ONE-HALF T0 CLEMENT ING'I'IIB, 0I' MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

.011 BURNER..

Application alud June 14, 1926. Serial No. 115,764.

casing 2 having an integral outwardl flaring r1 m2 6 at its ufiper open end; fuel oii'and air dlstributlng e ements supported by and disposed centrally within the casing 2; a tubular supporting member 3 rigidly attac-hed at one end to the casing 2 and providing an air supply conduit communicating with the lower interror thereof; an auxiliary outer casing 4 rigidly attached to the o posite end of the member 3; a motor driven lower or fan 5 and motor control mechanism 29 removably associated with the casing 4; and a universally` adjustable support for the tubular member 3 and the elements associated therewith. The main inner casing 2 and the fuel and air dis` tributing elements are disposed below the combustion chamber 15 of a furnace, and the annular rim 26 of the casing 2 is ada ted to cooperate with aA central spreader p ate 12 supported from the c asin 2 by means of a 'I column 13 to effectively istribute the combustible gases and the Haine throughout the chamber 15.

The oil and air distributing cup or element 11 comprises a horizontal plate having air distributing openings 19 therein, and a series of three concentric annular walls 16, 18, 21 formed integral with and Haring upwardly from the perforated plate. The plate of the element 11 rests upon an annular ledge within the casin 2, and the inner walls 16, 18 cooperate to orm anu Wardly open annular recess. A piece of as estos or other porous material 22 whichrests upon an inwardly projecting ledge of the wall 18, divides the annular recess into a lower annular chamber 20 and an upper recess portion which is 'lilled with porous material 17. The holes 19 penetrate the'element 11 on opposite sides'of the outer wall 21, and the spreader plate is disposed directly above the annular bed of porous material 17.

An oil supply pipe 6 communicates with the annular chamber 20 below the porous material 17, and extends outwardly through the tubular member 3 to a suitable source of oil located above the level of theburner. The quantity of oil delivered through the pipe 6 is controllable either by means of a manually operable valve 39 having an indicator 40, or 105 by means of an automatically operable thermostat-controlled va1ve. A safety stop valve 38 in the ipe 6 is automatically operable to shut olf t e flow of oil through the pipe, in case the flame is extinguished and the oil 11o sup l` valve 39 remains open. Under such con i ions of o eration, the oil delivered from the top of t e porous material 17, flows throu `h the member 3 and theouter casing 4 until-1t strikes the dam 23 whereupon the oil is deflected through a trap 24 into a bucket 25.

As the bucket 25 becomes sufficiently filled with oil to actuate the valve 38, this valve is automatically closed through the linkage 27. ,A pipe 14 for sup lying gas for ignition purposes, also exten s through the casing 4 and the tubular member 3, and communicates with the medial portion of the bed 'of porous material 17 within the distributor recess.

" The auxiliary outer casing 4 has a front air inlet opening which is normally sealed by the motor control mechanism 29 as shown in Fig. 1. The casing of the mechanism 29 is mounted upon a pivot 33J and 1s provided with an arm 34 and an adjustable weight 32 for elevating the mechanism to the position shown.in Flg. 3 when the blower actuating circuit is interru ted. This action is automatically effecte by means of an electromagnet 44 havin an energizing winding 1n series with the b ower actuating circuit, and

coo erating with an ad'ustable plate 46 attac ed to the bottom o the casing 4. The weight 32 is adjustable along the arm 34, and is suicient to over-balance the weight of the control mechanism 29. The extent of upward movement of the control mechanism 29 is limited by virtue of the striking of the end of the arm 34 against the air inlet casin 35. The outer casing 4 also has a lateral tubuar extension' 43 which provides a support for the blower 5 and its drivinlg motor 31. The dischar e pipe 28 of the b ower 5 fits within the tubu ar extension 43 the boreof which may be sli htly tapered. The suction casing 35 o the b ower 5 1s preferably located adjacent to a heated wall 41 of the furnace, and has a plate 36 adjustably secured thereto adjacent to an atmospheric air inlet, by means of adjustin screws 37. Other air inlet openings 45 forme in the supporting element 8 or in the wall 41 of the furnace, connect the interior of the furnace directly with the suction casing 35. The blower 5 is direct connected with the variable speed electricl motor 31, the speed of the motor bein controllable b means of rheostate 30. he main switc 42 for the motor circuit forms part of the control mechanism 29 which is provided with ordinary lug connectors for hooking in on a convenient power line.

The burner sup ort comprises a spherical to the medial portion of the tubular member 3 and coacting'with a sup orting element 8 secured.l to the wall 41 of t e furnace. A 'clamping member 9 coacting with` the element 7 coo erates with the clamping bolts 10 to lock t e tubular member 3, in any desired position of adjustment. By means of the universal support just defmiyf scribed, the cupx element 11'may be readily `positioned so t at the oil is uniformly discharged from the top of the bed of porous material 17 in a horizontal plane, and in equal uantities at all points around the axis of the istributing bed.

During normal operation of the burner the several parts are positioned as shown in hig. 1 and oil under pressure is being delivered to the annular chamber 20 through the pipe 6 and control valve 39. The blower 5 is being operated by the motor 31 to withdraw preheated air from within the furnace through the openings 45 and directly from the atmosphere through the ga between the heated wall 41 and the ad'usta le late 36. This preheated air is elivere under pressure through the pipe 28, the member 3 and the openings 19 as well as through the central o ening of the element 11, upwardly toward t e stationary spreader plate 12 and outwardly over the rim 26 of the casing 2. The film of pre-heated air traveling outwardly over the fuel oil which oozes upwardly through the porous`material 17, picks up the oil and forms a combustible mixture which is ignited as it passes over the rim 26 and continues to burn as it advances upwardly through the combustion chamber 15. During such normal operation of the burner, thc electro-magnet 44 is energized and holds the control mechanism down over the front opening of the casing 4, so that no other than preheated air under ressure can be admitted to the combustion cliamber 15. By regulating the speed of the motor 31, the position of the plate 36 and the setting of the control valve 39, the degree of heat generated by the burner be readily controlled. the power should fail, thereby causing the motor 31 and the blower 5 to stop, the electro-magnet 44 will be de-ener ized this causing the weight 32 to become e ective to position the control mechanism as shown in 1g. 3. Such adjustment of the mechanism 29, effects automatic admission of air by the stack suction, directly to the combustion chamber 15 through the casin 4, 2 and the member 3. The operation of t eburner will thus continue at reduced efficiency, until the ower is again available to operate the lower 5.

.By admitting the ignition gas through a pipe 14 direct 1y into the porous bed, the material 17 wil deliver the gas in the form of an annularjet thus insuring complete ignition when starting. This arrangement of the pilot light, also enables the use of gas alone for heating in cases of emergenc or when limited heat is required. The sa et valve 38 automatically shuts off the oil su p y when the flame is extinguished thus making titre entire apparatus extremely safe in opera ion.

The universal support for the `burner enables proper adjustment of the cup element 11 so as to insure uniform feeding of the oil, and also permits installation of the burner in standard furnaces. The casings 2, 4, the member 3 and the element 11 may be conveniently manufactured,` assembled and dismantled, and the simplicity of the burner enables manufacture and sale of the device at extremely moderate cost.

It should be .understood that it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction and operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art. It is claimed and desired to ters Patent 1. In combination, a burner comprising a fuel distributing cup, a member forming a conduit, said cup being supported upon an end of said member, and a.- universally ad' justable support for said member, said support being formed for attachment to a furnace wall and being adjustable to enable both lateral and longitudinal shifting of said cup within the combustion chamber of the supporting furnace. I

2. In combination, a burner-comprising a fuel distributing cup, a member forming a conduit, said cup being supported upon one end of said member, a blower supported upon the opposite end of said member, anda universally adjustable support for the medial portion of said member,said support being formed for attachment to a furnace wall and being adjustable to enable both lateral and secure by Letlongitudinal shifting of said cup within the combustion chamber of the supporting furnace.

3. In combination, a burner, a member forming a conduit, a blower for supplying air to said burner through said conduit, a motor for driving said blower, motor control means, said member having an air inlet opening and said control means being movably associated with said opening, a weight normal ly'tending to move said control means to uncover said opening, and electro-magnetic means energized by the actuating current of said motor to normally resist the opening movement of said control means, said weight being effective to uncover said opening upon de-energization of said electro-magnetic means.

4. In combination, a burner, a member forming a conduit,.a blower for supplying air to said burner through said conduit, a motor for driving said blower, said burner being supported upon one end of said member and said blower and motor being supported upon the opposite end thereof, motor control means, said member having an air inlet lopening and vsaid control means being movably associated with said member at said opening, and means for moving said control means to uncover said opening and to adm1t atmospheric air to said urner through said opening when the current for operating said motor vis interrupted.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is a'ixed hereto.

BRUCE -K. INGLIS. 

